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Sewon Q&TECH

Product

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Flame Arrester

For your safety, choose our products.

Flame Arrester

SEWON has been developed so many kinds of flame arrester including detonation type as a safety device for plants and vessels.

Flame arrester is to protect the safety equipment from flame, by being equipped into the pipe lines, gas duct lines and vent lines of the tank where
inflammable gas is stored, and is a very important device to prevent the flame occurred due to explosion, and ignition that is happened when inflammable
gas is changed up to the temperature of flashing point owing to the influence of operation of equipment or surrounding environment, etc..

There are several types of flame arrester such as crimped ribbon arresters, parallel plate arresters, pebble arresters, hydraulic arresters, wire screen
arresters, wire packed arresters and sintered arresters, but crimped ribbon arresters are most commonly used. Each type has its own characteristics
and they are not necessarily all suitable for the same service.

SEWON crimped metal flame arresters are safety devices designed to stop the propagation or spread of flames through flammable gas or vapor mixtures
in pipelines. They prevent flame entering or leaving plant and can confine flame propagation to within certain equipment. Flame arresters are passive
devices, operating automatically and normally have no moving parts.

When gas or vapor mixtures ignite, flame arresters prevents further propagation by absorbing and dissipating heat from the burning gas or vapor
on one side of arresters lowering the temperature of the combustion products to below the auto ignition point of the gas on the opposite side.
This is achieved as the hot gasses give up their heat to the cell walls on passing through the crimped metal arrester element.

Selection Criteria

Critical infomation needed for. the proper application of flame and detonation arresters
Chart 1shows the effect of increases in pipe length on flame front speed and pressure. A 4.3% propane/air mixture is ignited in a 2" pipe.
20 feet of straight 2" pipe produces a flame speed of 550 feet per second.
When this piping length is increased to only 36 feet, a flame speed of 6400 feet per second is recorded. This is a clear detonation(the movement of
a flame through a gas or vapor within a medium at the speed of sound in that medium). A standard vent-line/in-line flame arrester can be rendered
ineffective.

For a 4.3% propane/air mixture, the stable detonation velocity is 5800 feet per second.
As pipe length increases, flame speeds measured at the arrester increase.
For a specific and narrows range of pipe lengths, pressures and velocities in excess
of those associated with stable detonation are encountered.
This is knows as an overdriven detonation devices in this overdriven range to verify
their effectiveness.
Any irregularities in the piping configuration (bends, changes or obstructions) tend to
increase the turbulence in the unburned vapors. Because turbulence provides the
mechanism for acceleration of the flame font, such irregularities result in higher flame speeds.

As we see in Chart2, 6.25 feet of straight piping will yield a flame speed of 180 feet per second. Introduction of only 90 degree bend and 16 feet of
straight piping accelerates the flame front to a detonation. Not taking these bends, irregularities or obstructions into consideration can easily lead
to a misapplication of the arrester.

Chemical Classifications
In the National Electric Code (see Table 1), chemicals are grouped according to their burning and explosion characteristics. The classifications
consider the MESG-Maximum Experimental Safe Gap (see Glossary of Terms for definition), maximum explosion pressure, and minimum ignition
temperature of the specific gas or vapor.

The categories recognized are Group A, B, C, and D. Group D atmospheres represent the least volatile flammable atmospheres, and the chemical
are represented as progressively more volatile through Groups C, B and A respectively. The stable detonation velocities and quenching diameters
of some of the common chemicals identified as representing Groups A, B, C and D are shown in the following table :

Gas Group Quenching Diameter Detonation Velocity
methane D 0.145 inches 5800 FT/S
propane D 0.105 inches
butane D 0.110 inches
hexane D 0.120 inches 700 FT/S
ethylene C 0.075 inches
hydrogen B 0.034 inches
acetylene A 0.005 inches

Table 1 Chemicals by groups

Gas Chemical
Group A acetylene
Group B butadiene, ethylene oxide, hydrogen, manufactured, gases containing, more than 30%, hydrogen(by volume), propylene oxide
Group C acetaldehyde, cyclopropane, dietyl ether, ethylene, unsymmetrical, dimethyl hydrazine
Group D acetone, acrylonitrile, ammonia, benzene, butane, 1-butanol(butyl alcohol), 2-butano(secondary butyl alcohol), n-butyl acetate,
isobutyl acetate, ethane, ethanol(ethyl alcohol), erthyl acetate, ethylene dichloride, gasoline, heptanes, hexanes, isoprene,
methane(natural gas), methanol(methyl alcohol), 3-methyl-1-butanol(isoamyl alcohol) methyl isobutyl, ketone,
2-methyl-1-propanol(isomyl alcohol), 2-methyl-2-propanol(tertiary butyl alcohol), petroleum naptha, octanes, 1-pentanol(amyl alcohol),
propane, 1-pentanol(amyl alcohol), 2-pentanol(isoamyl alcohol), propylene, styrene, toluene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, xylenes

Only proper testing of flame arresters and detonation arresters can qualify their design and effectiveness within a particular chemical group.
An arrester tested with a Group D vapor is considered to be suitable for use with other Group D atmospheres and pressures are comparable.
Note, however, that an arrester tested with a Group D chemical is not necessarily suitable for use with Group C, B, or A chemicals.
Arresters tested with a higher level chemical group are generally acceptable for use with lower level groups (a Group C arrester would be suitable
for a Group D service) but should not necessarily be considered to be suitable for use with higher level groups
(a Group C arrester should not be assumed to be suitable for use in a Group B service).

Flame Arrester Model Code

How to order

MODEL SIZE MATERIALS FLANGE DRILLING OPTION

Body / Flame Element
SFC
SFG
SFE
SFH
SFO
SFD
SFJ
SFK
SFL
A1 : 1/2"
A2 : 3/4"
01 : 1"
1A : 1-1/2"
02 : 2"
2A : 2-1/2"
03 : 3"
04 : 4"
06 : 6"
08 : 8"
10 : 10"
12 : 12"
SS : Special
C : Carbon Steel
4 : 304 S.S
5 : 304L S.S
6 : 316 S.S
7 : 316L S.S
A : Aluminum
H : Hastelloy
L : Alloy 20
S : Special Material
AR : ASME Class 150 RF
AF : ASME Class 150 FF
KR : KS/JIS 10K RF
KF : KS/JIS 10K FF
NO : NO Drilling
SS : Special
O : No Option
J : Steam Jacket
T :Temperature
Monitoring Sensor
(Unprotected side only)
B : Temperature
Monitoring Sensor
(Both sides)
S : Special

Example

Means a 8" model SFG with 304 stainless steel body, 316L stainless steel flame element,
ASME Class 150 RF flange drilling and no other option.

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